Wednesday, January 26, 2005

Rh sensitization prevented with IVF and PGD



Background:
Rh sensitization is a complication of pregnancy where a woman can make antibodies against her own baby causing that baby to become sick even while still in the uterus. This occurs when a woman with an Rh negative blood type (A Negative, B negative, AB negative or O negative) conceives a child with a father who has an Rh positive blood type. If the baby turns out to be Rh positive like the father, then the mother's body makes antibodies against the baby's red blood cells. The red blood cells can be destroyed making the baby anemic. In a fetus this can cause a serious condition called hydrops fetalis which can be so severe that the baby dies.

Because the immune system has a "memory" each time a woman is exposed to an Rh positive baby her response gets bigger and more aggressive.

This problem isn't as common as it used to be. The reason is due to the use of a medication called Rhogam. Rh negative mothers who are given the Rhogam injection during and after a pregnancy with an Rh positive baby will be prevented from making the antiboides so that subsequent pregnancies won't be affected.
However, cases of Rh sensitization still occur.

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